Wood-turning lathe



(N0 ModeL) i 3 Sheets-,-Sheet 1.

A. D. WAYMOTH.

WOOD TURNING LATHE. No. 319,531. Patented June 9, 1885 HillllllllllllllllllllillllHl-l I q |||1m Qttwfi i $3 .17 11/671157 wag m: :2

(N0 ModeL) I 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. D. WAYMOTH.

WOOD TURNING LATHE. N0.'319,53-1. Patented June 9, 1886.

(N0 MOdel.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. A. D. WAYMOTH. W001) TURNING L E.

No. 319,531. ented June 9, 1885.

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AUGUSTINE D. WAYMOTH, or mronnune, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOOD-TURNING LATHE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,531, dated June 9, 1885.

Application filed September 26, 1884.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, AUGUSTINE D. WAY- MOTH, of Fitchburg, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wood-Turning Lathes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full,clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of a wood-turning lathe with my improvements attached. Fig. 2 is a side elevation,showing a portion of the frame broken away. Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view on lineww of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents plan views of the front and back of gear K. Fig. 5 represents detached plan views of the disk and adjustingscrew. Fig. 6 is aperspeotive in detail of the cam and a portion of the grooved rod. Fig. 7 is a section showing the mechanism for operating the cutting-oft knife and forming-tool holder. Fig. 8 is a perspective of the lever and its attachments. Fig. 9 is a perspective of the binder.

My invention relates to various improvements in wood-turning lathes; and it consists in a mechanism for automatically operating the tail-stock, and also in a mechanism for antomatically operating the knife for cutting off the work; also for operating the forming-tool holder, and in the construction, arrangement, and combination of devices, which will be hereinafter fully set forth, and specifically pointed out in the claims, and it is an improvement on Patent No. 213,718, issued to me March 25, 1879.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will now proceed to describe the exact manner in which I have carried it out.

My first improvement consists in a mechanism for operating the tail-stock,and in order to disclose my invention I have shown the said mechanism attached to the frame of an ordinary lathe. This frame, which I have designated in the drawings as A, is provided with the usual guides for the carriage B and head-stock C. Adjacent to the headstock the frame A is extended, and upon its outer end is formed a bearing for a short shaft, 1), upon one end of which is a band-pulley or other suitable device, by which motion may be commu- (No model nicated to the shaft and to a pinion, E, and bevel-gear F, attached to the opposite or inner end of the said shaft. The pinion E meshes with a silent gear, G, which in turn meshes with a gear, II, and communicates motion to a rod, I, which has a bearing in a depending arm which forms part of the frame, as shown in Fig. 2. The bevelgear F above referred to meshes with and communicates motion to the oppositely-placed bevel-gears J and K,mounted upon short independent shafts secured in suitable bearings on the frame. The gear J is of ordinary construction, and is provided with a fixed crank-pin, to which is attached one end of a pitman,for a purpose to be here inafter set forth, while the gear K is turned to form a recess in which is placed a disk, L, which closely fits the recess, and has attached to it, by means of a crank-pin, a pitman in a manner similar to the one connected to the gear J. In the back of the gear K is formed two concentric and oppositely-placed slots,lVI, adapted to receive sct-screws 1 and 2, which enter the disk L and regulate the throw of the pitman secured to it. Around the pe riphery of the disk is formed a groove, 3, which has a portion of its surface cut with female threads. (Shown in Fig. 5.)

In a suitable bearing formed on the gear K is placed an adj llSi'dllg-SCI'GW, N, the threads of which engage with the-threads on the disk. The screw N is provided with a head at one end, and a threaded reduced portion at the opposite end, on which is fitted a nut which provents the screw N from working out of it's bearing. Thus it will be seen that owing to the peculiar construction and arrangement of these parts the movement of screw N, operating in the female threads on the disk, causes the said disk to slightly revolve, thereby changing the position of its crank-pin, and causing its center to approach or recede from the center of the opposite crank-pin, and by this means change the relative position of the two pitmen with respect to the length of the work to be turned, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

I is a rod extending lengthwise the machine beneath the frame, and it is provided with a longitudinal groove running a portion of its length. i

0 is a cam mounted upon this rod, and it is provided with a feather which slides in the V groove and permits the said cam to have a sliding movement, and to make one revolution to every revolution of the gears J and K. The cam O is provided with an elongated hub or sleeve having a peripheral groove, 5, in which is placed the hooked end of a downwardlyprojecting arm, P, secured to the bed of the carriage.

Q represents the cutting-off tool, which is to be applied when the articles to be turned are automatically cut from the stick at the completion of the turning, and it has an adjustment in or out to accurately reach the center line of the stick being worked, and to sever the articles at the exact point required.

R is a holder-case in which slides and is guided the cutting-off tool Q, and S is a spring coiled around the lower end of the tool Q, the upper end of the spring bearing against the lower end of the holder, while its lower end is suitably secured, so that when the cuttingoff tool has finished its operation it is instantly thrown downward and out of contact with the stick. To accomplish this movement, I secure in the lower end of the tool Q a short shaft, T, upon which is mounted an anti-friction wheel, U, adapted to travel around the periphery of the cam until it reaches the highest point-on said cam, when the continued revolution of the shaft enables the wheel to drop to the lowest or starting point on the cam, at the same time releasing the cuttingoff tool from its contact with the stick. Upon the shaft T is attached the lower end of avertically-moving rack-plate, V, and in a suitable bea-ring secured to the frame of the carriage is pivotally secured a gear-wheel, W, having a short pitman, X, eccentrically se cured thereto, so that its opposite end engages the lower end of the pivoted t0olholder Y, which may carry any design of forming-tool, and automatically cause the said tool-holder to move in or out. This improvement in operating the cutting-off and forming tools obviates many inconveniences and imperfections heretofore incident to this part of the lathe, and at the same time dispenses with ordinary knee-lever for accomplishing the same purose.

p Z is a roughing-knife mounted upon a suitable bed and adjustably secured therein by means of a cam or its equivalent and by a setscrew or set-screws, a, so that the inner or cutting end of the knife may be adjusted laterally, or in angular position.

B and 0 represent bars attached to the outer ends of the pitmen D" and E. These bars extend nearly the entire length of the machine, and have teeth formed on their under surfaces, as shown in Fig. 2. Under the tail-stock are formed pins 1), which guide the movements of the bars 13 and O and prevent them from riding up, and under the bars may be mounted guide-rollers c, to assist in keeping the bars in a horizontal position.

' In the lower end of aprojecting arm,d, which forms part of the frame of thetail-stock, is secured a shaft, 6, on which are mounted two or more pawls, f, one end of which engages the teeth of the bars B and C, while springsh, se-

cured to the opposite end of the pawls and to plication; but I have attached to the tail-stock a lever which I have found of great importance, as it dispenses with the ordinary handlever for moving forward the tail-stock, and also greatly assists me in obtaining an accurate and complete automatic adjustment of the tail-stock. vThis lever, which I have designated by the letter F, is mounted upon a bearing secured to a bar, I, which has aslight longitudinally-sliding movement in the frame of the tail-stock, (see Fig. 2,) and it is pivotally secured on the end of the shaft 6.

Near the lower end of the short arm of the lever F is a bar extending outwardly at right angles to bear beneath the lower ends of the the frame of the tail-stock, bears against the binder and forces its lower end against the bar, as above referred to, and when the lever F is forced backward it not only releases the pawls f, but also withdraws the bevel face of bar Z from its contact with the brake, and permits the latter to swing out of contact with the rod. Thus I am enabled to control the movement of the tail-stock by the lever F.

From the foregoing description the object. of the gears J and K, as described, is evident, because if there were but one gear with one pitman and rod there would be no gain to the tail-stock, neither would there be a gain if the the gears J and K were alike and the crankpins directly opposite each other; but as the crank-pin in gear J is stationary I will suppose it to be four inches from its center of rotation. This gives me an eight-inch stroke, so that the bar B causes the carriage and tailstock to travel eight inches at every revolution of the gear J. I will again suppose that the crank-pin in gear K has been adjusted so that it has been moved out of line with the IOU other crank-pin, say, three inches. This gives me but a six-inch stroke, and the difference between the two strokes (two inches) is the length of work to be turned. Therefore for every revolution of the gears J and K the tailstock makes again of two inches,although this gain may be increased or diminished by ad justing the crank-pin in gear K. When the lever F is forced baekward,it disconnects the pawls and binder, and the tail-stock can be moved back or forward at will without affecting the other portions of the lathe.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with the tail-stock of a lathe, the parallel reciprocating tooth-bars B O, pitmen D E, and gears J K, for operating the said bars, and a connection between said bars and tail-stock, substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

2. In combination with the tail-stock of a lathe, the oppositely-placed gear-wheels J K, provided with crank-pins, and having a revolving disk mounted in one of the gear-wheels, whereby the position of one of the crankpins is capable of adjustmentwith relation to the other, the pitmen, and the tooth-bars B O, and a suitable connection between said bars and the tail-stock, all constructed to 0perate substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. In a lathe, the gear-wheel K, recessed to receive the disk -L, having a crankpin secured thereto, in combination with a gearwheel, J, having a fixed crank-pin, slots and set-screws in the gear K, whereby the said disk may have a partial revolution, and the tooth-bars B and O, and the tailstock having a suitable connection with the bars, all constructed to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In combination with a cutting-off knife having a vertical movement in a suitable guide or holder, a cam mounted upon a grooved bar running lengthwise of the lathe, so that the said cam may have a movement similar to and in unison with the carriage, and suitable gearing for operating the grooved bar, an antifriction roller, U, attached to the shank of the cutting-off knife, a rack-bar, V, and a connection between the rack-bar and the forming-tool holder, substantially as herein set forth.

5. In a lathe, a cutting-off knife, a holder for the same, a spring for withdrawing the knife, and an anti-friction roller, in combina tion with a cam having a sliding movement upon a grooved bar, adepending arm for holding the cam in contact with the wheel, a rackbar, V, gear-wheel W, having pitman X, eccentrically secured thereto, a forming-tool holder, and suitable mechanism for operating the grooved bar, substantially as herein set forth.

6. In a lathe, the tail-stock and a lever, F, adapted to disconnect the tooth-bars from the tail-stock, in combination with the bars BG, the pitmen D E, and the gears J K for op erating the said bars, substantially as herein set forth.

7. In a lathe, a brake pivotally secured to the tail-stock and adapted to press against and hold a tooth-bar, in combination with the said tooth-bar, a pivoted lever, and a bar having one of its ends beveled to engage the brake to release its lower end from the tooth-bar, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.

8. In a lathe, a cutting-off tool and holder for the same, a spring for withdrawing the knife, an anti-friction-wheel, and a cam for operating the knife, in combination with a vertically'moving rack-bar, a gear-wheel engaging the rack-bar, and a pitman eccentric ally secured on the gear-wheel and connected with the forming-tool holder, so that the forming-tool and cutting-off knife may work in unison, substantially as described.

9. In a lathe, and in combination with the tail-stock provided with depending arms, two or more pawls mounted upon a shaft, springs attached to the pawls to hold them in position, the tooth-bars B 0, guide pins or rollers for said tooth-bars, a brake, and a lever for disengaging the pawls and brake, all constructed to operate substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

AUGUSTINE D. WAYMOTH.

Witnesses:

HARRISON BAILEY, E. F. BAILEY. 

